Internal-combustion engine



Aprll 19, 1927. K M H. BLANK INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original F'ild March 19. 1921 '2 Sheets-Sheet- 1 Mew/v f7! 54AM M. H. BLANK INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed March 19. 1

April 19 192 7.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 MP a @d Patented Apr. 19, 1927.

UNITED STATES MERTON H. BLANK, OF INDIANAPOLIS. INDIANA.

IN TERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINE.

Original application filed March 19, 1921, Serial No. 458,545. Divided and this application filed January 9, 1922. Serial No. 528,104.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and is especially concerned with engines of the closed V type as disclosed in my copending application Serial No. 453,- 545 filed March 19, 1921, of which this application is a division.

One object ofthe invention is to provide a head for an internal combustion engine in which the heat absorbing, conducting and transmitting properties of the metal composing the head are utilized to an increased extent, especially in connection with the preheating of the explosive gas mixtures.

Another object .is to provide an intake manifold for an internal combustion engine which is contained within the engine and the walls of which are protected from direct contact with the outside air from their junction with the carburetor to the combustion chamber and are surrounded by heated fluids.

Another object is to construct an improved head for an internal combustion engine in which intake and exhaust manifolds, are incorporated and so arranged relative to each other that the intake manifold is acketed in part by the exhaust manifold and in part by the cooling water chamber.

Another object is to, provide a new and improved construction. location and arrangement of intake and exhaust manifolds whereby gases may be conducted from a carburetor to the combustion chambers and thence to an exhaust tube or muflier with the use of a minimum number of separate parts.

Other objects will be pointed out herein after.

In general my invention contemplates a new and lmproved constructlon and are ()ne form of engine construction embody- 111g my invention is disclosedin the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification in which;

Fig. 1, is a fragmentary, transverse sectional view of an engine constructed in accordance with my invention,

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary, longitudinal section, as taken on lines 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively plan sections of the head unit taken on lines 3-3 and 44 of Fig. 5. V

Fig. 5 is a central, vertical, transverse section showing assembled cylinder block and head units, as taken on lines 55 of Figs. 3 and 4.

Figs. 6 and 7 are fragmentary views of the head unit taken on lines 6-6 and 7-7 of Fig. 3.

The engine illustrated in the drawings consists in part of crank case unit 2, cylinder block unit 3 and head unit 4. A suitable crank shaft (not shown) is mounted in bosses carried by unit 2 and has connecting rods 5 and pistons 6 connected therewith in the customary manner. 7 indicates a cam shaft carried by unit 2 in a position to actuate valve operating mechanism designated generally by 8.

Cylinder block unit 3 consists of a hollow shell with a plurality of cylinders 9 extending therethrough and surrounded for part of their length by a cooling fluid chamber 10. At 11 is indicated a transverse wall within the interior of unit 3 and between cylinders 9. This wall whichhas a cored passage 12 extending lengthwise thereof joins the side wall 13 and top wall 14 of unit 3, the passage 12 thus leadingthrough the unit from an opening 13 in the outer side wall 13 to opening 15 in the top wall 14. Preferably, in the engine shown, wall 11 and its passage 12 are located intermediate the ends of the unit, opening 15 being approximately in the middle of top wall 14. Cover p ate 16 fitted to the side of unit 3 has an opening 17 coinciding with opening 13 and a second opening 18 which similarly com-' municates with a short passage 19 leading from side wall 13 to top wall 14 of the unit. To the outside face of cover plate 16 is attached a jacketed tube or elbow20, the pas sage 21 therethru forming a continuation of passage 12 while the jacket chamber 22 communicates with passage 19. 23 which indicates an outlet tube from jacket chamber 22- may, if desired, be equipped with a stop cook (not shown). A carburetor (not shown) may be attached to elbow 20.

Head unit 4 is a hollow shell providedwith intake and exhaust manifolds in the interior thereof, the space 25 between the 1'nanifolds and walls of the unit being provided for the circulation of cooling fluids. Intake manifold 26 consists of a short \Cll'lcal passage 27 arranged to register with opening 15 of passage l) to form a continuation of that passage. From the top end of passage 27. passages 28 extend for a short distance substantially parallel to each other and longitudinally of the unit, the top wall 29 of the unit comprising one wall of the passages. From each of these passages 28, branch passages 30 lead downwardly and open into cylinders 9 through openings 231 closed by valves The exhaust manifold is composed of parallel longitutlinally extending passages 33 each of which communicates with certain cylinders 9 through branches 3i and out-let openings controlled by valves 36. Adjacent the rear end wall 3? of unit at passages 38 unite and have a common outlet opening 38 through the wall. An exhaust tube 39 and muitler (not shown) may be attached to wall 37 indicated in Fig.

Exhaust manifold 33 lies in a horizontal plane just below that of intake manifold 26 the two being adjacent, and preferably having a common dividing; wall throughout substantially the entire length of the latter.

From one exhaust passage 3% an auxiliary passage 40 leads to bottom wall 41 of unit a to connect with passage 19 and form a path for leading exhaust gases to jacket chamber 22 of elbow 20.

It will be observed that my improved arrangement of passages for both intake and exhaust gases are adapted to utilize the heat conducting properties of themetals composing the units in insuring economical fuel consulnption. Provision is made for heating the incoming fuel from the time it leaves the carburetor until it enters the combustion cliambers of the cylinders but undue heating is prevented so that the volumetric eiiiciency of the gases which enter the combustion chamber is not materially diminished. Jacketed elbow 20 serves to heat the fuel coming from thecarburetor but passage 12 which is surrounded by cooling fluid maintains the gasat :rmoderate temperature due to the fact that the surrminding cooling fluid has just returned from the radiator and has not become highly heated; Inhead unit l the intake manifold 26 and its branches; hare their bottom walls in contactwith the ex liau'st gases while their sides and top are being cooled by fluids such as'air and \vater, the resultof this" structure being that any particles of unraporized fuel which collect on the bottom of the passagcswill be yapon' ized at oncebut the gases will not become overheated due toco1itactwith the other walls" which are somewhat cooler because of the circulation of cooling flares therealongi Preferably head unit el; and if possible block unit 2:3 are composed of aluminum alloys or other good heat conducting metal to ensure uniform distribution and rapid cooling of the exhaust gases and to prevent unequal heating; of the fuel.

By my improved arrangement and location of manifolds and passages a carburetor may be connected to a multiple cylinder engine with at most a single intermediate member, thus eliminating many extra parts now in common use.

Although I have shown and described in detail a specific form of V type engine in which my invention is embodied I do not wish to be understood. as limiting my invention thereto. The scope of my invention is defined in what is claimed.

il hat I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion engine. in combination, a cylinder block unit comprising a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of conduits extending through the said unit, a hollow head unit for the said block unit, intake manifolds within the said head unit and communicating with one of the said conduits in the block unit, and exhaust manifolds within the head unit having an outlet opening through an end wall thereof, and an auxiliary outlet opening communicating with another of the said conduits.

In an internal combustion engine in combination; a. cylinder block unit, t wo conduits extending through the said unit, a hollow head unit, intake and exhaust} manifolds within the head unit and communicatin one with one of the said conduits and the other with the other of: said conduits, and a jacketed tube attached to the said block and in communication with each of the said conduits.

3. In an internal combustion engine in combination, a cylinder block unit comprising a, plurality of cylinders, two conduits extending through the said unit, a hollow head unit for the said block unit comprising interiorly arranged intake and exhaust manifolds, the intake manifold communicating with one of the said conduits and the exhaustmanifold communicating with the other conduit, and a jacketed tube secured to the block unit and communicating with one of the said conduits.

4. In a multiple cylinder internal combus tionengine' in combination, a cylinder block unit, an intake and an exhaust conduit or; tending therethrough, a hollow head unit, and intake and exhaust conduits in said head eoininunicating"with the respective conduits in the block, said intake conduit in said head being arranged above said exhaust conduit, a portion of the wallsof eachiof said conduits being common.

In a multiple cylinder internal coin bastion engine in coiilbin'ation, cylinder block unit, an intake and an exhaust conof said conduits being common, said intake duit extending therethrough a hollow head and exhaust conduits being in a substantialunit, and intake and exhaust conduits in 1y horizontal plane.

said head communicating with the respective In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my conduits in the block, said intake conduit in Signature.

said head being arranged above said eX- haust conduit, a portion of the walls of each MERTON H. BLANK. 

